Furthermore, the integration of 2D materials with photonic cavities has enabled the demonstration of lasers 10, 11 and deterministic single photon emitters 12, main building blocks for quantum information processing. In recent years, integration with CMOS-compatible photonic platforms has proven the viability of the technology for the development of optical interconnects 7, 8, 9. Since the demonstration of the first ultrasensitive photodetectors 2 and light emitting diodes 3, 4, there has been a strong effort to improve the quantum efficiency, speed, energy consumption and wavelength range of 2D-based devices 5, 6. Two-dimensional direct bandgap semiconductors are promising materials for on-chip integrated optoelectronic devices 1. These findings demonstrate the potential of TMDCs as fast, compact and tunable light sources, promising for the realization of electrically driven polariton lasers. We integrate the LED in a planar cavity to couple the polariton emission angle and polarization to the in-plane exciton momentum, controlled by a lateral voltage. Here, we show room-temperature electrical control of the location, directionality and polarization of light emitted from a 2D LED operating at MHz frequencies. While LEDs based on van der Waals heterostructures have been realized, the control of the emission properties necessary for information processing remains limited. Although light emitting diodes (LEDs) are fundamental building blocks for integrated photonics, the fabrication of light sources made of bulk materials on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits is challenging.
Devices based on two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors hold promise for the realization of compact and versatile on-chip interconnects between electrical and optical signals.
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